![]() ![]() All of these findings affirm the need for further scientific research that explores the long-term status of critical metals, which strongly connects to the sustainable development goals of the United Nations and implementation of the Paris Agreement. ![]() To make it easier, metals are usually categorized into two groups: ferrous and non-ferrous metals. The large number of metals can make it challenging to understand them all. In addition, elemental linkages (e.g., indium-zinc-steel) are underemphasized, leading to a lack of understanding of future availability and sustainable cycles. Currently, there are 108 known elements, out of which 90 are classified as metals, including three semi-metals: boron, silicon, and arsenic. Moreover, circular economy strategies that include component reuse and remanufacturing have been barely incorporated into the modelling frameworks presented in these studies, while end-of-life recycling is heavily focused on. We also find that the social and environmental implications induced by demand growth are largely overlooked in these studies, resulting in less attention being given to the spatial divergence between consuming and producing countries in the global supply chain. Magnesium alloys are still getting a lot of interest in industry journals and reports, so we thought it a good time to revisit this important metallic element. The Dark Wing, a planet turned into a spaceship by human-like people known as the Quails. Interestingly, results indicate that, to date, no long-term demand outlook is available for some high criticality metals. ![]() Here, we provide the first systematic review of studies (88 studies in all) exploring the projected long-term status of various critical materials, covering 48 elements with 546 data points for global demand through 20. This condition calls for strategic planning based on the expected long-term demand and supply of these metals and the implications attached. Variegated tones of steel, brass, bronze, and copper form the foundation of native metals. Critical metals are technologically vital to the functionality of various emerging technologies, yet they have a potentially unstable supply. Using the forces of nature as inspiration for our Elements palette. ![]()
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